southern pine beetle
Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmermann, 1868

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Image Descriptor Description
5432988 Damage killed pines on ground
5432989 Damage killed pines on ground
5432990 Damage killed pines on ground
5432981 Damage
5432982 Damage
5432983 Damage
5432984 Damage
5432987 Damage killed loblolly pines
5432985 Damage
5432986 Damage
5424571 Life Cycle
3225043 Diagram or Graphic diagram of expanding infestation
2108042 Life Cycle Drawing by Richard Kliefoth, Boyce Thompson Institute; The developmental stages of the southern pine beetle consist of egg, larva, pupa, and adult; the life cycle lasts 4-6 weeks within the tree and a few days outside.
1512094 Life Cycle
1510005 Diagram or Graphic Art - SPB "cut and leave"
1510006 Diagram or Graphic Art - SPB "cut and remove"
1510092 Diagram or Graphic Art - SPB spot growth
1510004 Diagram or Graphic Art - Key for SPB spot tree types
1247049 Diagram or Graphic Map showing beetle infestations in Georgia, 1961-1962.
1247068 Diagram or Graphic Showing buffer strip for control.
0013096 Diagram or Graphic Diagram in Spanish describing how to apply cut-and-remove for SPB control.
0013083 Diagram or Graphic Monthly frequency of southern pine beetle spots detected by aerial surveyin Western Gulf states (used in Spanish handbook on aerial detection)
0013084 Diagram or Graphic Seasonal patterns of new infestation detection for southern pine beetle in Honduras.
0013093 Adult(s)
1458018 Adult(s) size compared to rice
5432866 Indicator(s) frass from beetle attack
5155021 Adult(s) antennae
5155023 Adult(s) declivity at end of elytra
5155024 Adult(s) face groove
5478681 Adult(s) Dendroctonus frontalis dorsal view
5289050 Damage emergence holes
2161031 Adult(s) elytra have fine to coarse rubosites between rows of obscure to distinct punctures. the elytral declivity is convex; USA. Mississippi, Winston Co, Noxubee N.W. Refuge, 17-24 March 1997, R.A. Tisdale
1247126 Infestation Wormsloe plantation, Chatham County, GA. 1974.
5471162 Damage infestation in east texas
5471164 Damage Air photo of Four Notch showing large southern pine beetle spot and clearcut areas
1546228 Damage In spot adjacent to and caused by infected material on loading deck
1546240 Treatment Aerial view of SPB cut and spray treatment
1546123 Control Cut and leave can be an effective control tool for individual SPB spots. However, all active spots in given area must be treated.
5463218 Adult(s)
5463219 Adult(s)
5463220 Adult(s)
5463221 Adult(s)
5463222 Adult(s) pronotum
5463223 Adult(s) pronotum
5463214 Adult(s) head
5463215 Adult(s) head
5463216 Adult(s) head
5463217 Adult(s) head
5463211 Adult(s) head
5463212 Adult(s)
5463213 Adult(s) elytra
1247173 Infestation Wormsloe Plantation, Chatham County, GA. 1974
1247230 Infestation North Georgia, 1975
1247210 Infestation 1973
2108009 Infestation Nov 11, 1983 at Four Notch Proposed Wilderness Area, Sam Houston National Forest, Texas
1247225 Damage Wormsloe plantation, Chatham County, GA 1974
1247002 Damage Spot treated with verbenone for control. Monroe County, GA. 1979.
2733005 Damage boring dust
3225021 Control Verbenone packet on tree
1247003 Damage Spot treated with Verbenone for control. Monroe County, GA. 1979.
1247193 Infestation Texas
1247198 Infestation 1975
1247086 Feature(s) Pitch tubes
2108023 Damage Dense stand killed by southern pine beetle. Jano, Olancho Region, Honduras
2721076 Damage Upland Island Wilderness Angelina, Texas, Three years after southern pine beetle outbreak
1247054 Infestation Wormsloe Plantation, Chatham County, GA. 1974
0284021 Feature(s) boring dust accumulated in spider webs at base of attacked tree, useful symptom of fresh bark beetle attack (stage 1)
1247236 Infestation North Georiga. 1973
0284027 Adult(s) outer bark stripped to show callow adult (Stage 2)
1929023 Infestation infestation, aerial view
2516004 Adult(s) Dorsal view with male on the left and female on the right taken using an Auto-Montage digital microscopy system.© 2002, 2003 by the University of Florida and may be freely used for educational purposes as long as credit is given to the University of Florida and, if space permits, the photographer. Any commercial use requires written permission of the Chairman, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-0620.
1929026 Infestation rapidly advancing infestation, aerial view
1929027 Damage pitch tubes
1929024 Infestation spot with two heads, aerial view
1929025 Infestation large area infestation, Virginia Piedmont
1247047 Infestation Northeast Georgia. 1973.
1247026 Galleries With clerid larva in center
1247025 Galleries Low density galleries
1247146 Damage Stewart County, GA. 1996.
1247190 Infestation 1973
1247102 Damage
1247183 Infestation Madison County, GA. 1974
1247050 Infestation Northeast Georgia. 1973.
1247191 Infestation Near Hartwell, GA. 1974
1247178 Damage Wormsloe plantation, Chatham County, GA. 1974
1247181 Damage Bluestain in beetle-killed log
1247192 Infestation 1975
1247145 Damage Monroe County, GA 1979
1247206 Infestation 1975
1247112 Damage
1247281 Infestation Wormsloe plantation, Chatham County, GA. 1974
0013088 Damage Large, expanding SPB infestation, 1993; Upland Island Wilderness Area
2108011 Infestation Sept 21, 1983 at Four Notch Proposed Wilderness Area, Sam Houston National Forest, Texas
2107094 Infestation August 2, 1983 at Four Notch Proposed Wilderness Area, Sam Houston National Forest, Texas
2107097 Infestation Feb 1984, Four Notch Proposed Wilderness Area, Sam Houston National Forest, Texas
1150008 Damage green needle drop caused by southern pine beetle attack
0745096 Damage pitch tubes on slash pine
0745097 Damage pitch tubes
0745093 Infestation early stage of spot
0745081 Damage pitch flow
0745085 Galleries
0745079 Damage pitch tubes & pitchout on loblolly pine - close up
0745080 Damage in slash stand
0745067 Galleries showing blue stain
0745054 Galleries with clerid larvae
0745055 Infestation view of spot
0745005 Infestation Inactive SPB spot (no faders)
0745006 Infestation aerial view of spot at Four Notch proposed Wilderness Area, Sam Houston National Forest, 1983
0745008 Infestation aerial view of initial spot with spread
0745010 Infestation aerial view of spot
0745011 Infestation aerial view of spot
0013097 Damage attacked pines and adjacent uninfested trees felled to halt advancing SPB outbreak, 1982.; Yoro Region, Honduras
0013095 Damage Aerial view of large, uncontrolled, expanding infestation of southern pine beetle, August, 1993.
0013090 Damage Small southern pine beetle infestation showing very little recent activity. Low priority for detection or ground check.
0013091 Damage Large, expanding SPB infestation; high priority for ground check. Many trees with fading crowns; advancing in multiple directions.
0010160 Damage newly killed stand (2001) with ongoing salvage before clearcut
0010162 Damage salvage clearcut
0010113 Damage Salvage operation on active spot
0010114 Damage Multiple spots converge.
1348014 Infestation Large spot in hilly terrain
1348019 Infestation Many spots in mountainous terrain
1348010 Infestation Large spot in mountainous area
1348011 Infestation Faders
1348013 Infestation Spots
1348005 Infestation Large spot area
1348007 Infestation Large spot
1348001 Infestation Three new spots
1348002 Infestation Spot near a residential area
1348003 Infestation Large spot area
1348004 Infestation Large spot area
1361008 Galleries Note the larval galleries terminating at the blue stain border
0013089 Damage Typical of inactive SPB infestation (lacks trees with fading crowns). Low priority for detection or ground check.
2108005 Infestation July 1983, Aerial at Four Notch Proposed Wilderness Area, Sam Houston National Forest, Texas
2108006 Infestation June 1983 at Four Notch Proposed Wilderness Area, Sam Houston National Forest, Texas
1748065 Damage pitch tubes-closeup
0284007 Infestation This is the first of a series of photos illustrating the rapid expansion of the Four Notch, Texas infestation without control; Taken in April 1983 when infestation contained ca. 10 acres
0284012 Infestation infestation moving into smaller tree plantation at Indian Mounds Wilderness, 1993.
0284004 Infestation infestation-spot in 8 year old pine plantation, note residual overstory tree where attack was initiated
1150011 Damage pitch tube
1247241 Galleries O-shaped gallery. Southern pine sawyer larvae also in picture. Oconee National Forest
1247242 Galleries O-shaped gallery. Oconee National Forest
1543102 Damage
1929022 Galleries adult galleries that failed to produce brood
1929021 Galleries galleries and larvae
0010164 Damage dead and thinning crowns
3225028 Galleries with pine sawyer feeding
4178042 Damage aerial view of 5 yr. old loblolly plantation with cut buffer strip
2107090 Infestation April 11, 1983 at Four Notch Proposed Wilderness Area, Sam Houston National Forest, Texas
1247036 Galleries Oconee National Forest, GA. 1979
1247056 Infestation Northeast Georgia. 1973.
3225036 Galleries and larvae (stage 2)
0013085 Damage Expanding infestation of southern pine beetle
5424572 Adult(s)
5432991 Damage
3225010 Damage pitch tube, close-up
0010161 Damage plantations on the hillsides killed during 2000-2001
3225037 Galleries with blue stain and adults
3225031 Galleries Stage 1 tree (fresh attack) with beetle and pitch tubes
1236122 Galleries
3225027 Galleries with blue stain
0284016 Damage Trees infested in winter showing loss of bark due to woodpecker feeding, even on green-crowned trees.
2089090 Adult(s)
2089070 Damage exit holes of new brood adults
2089071 Galleries typical gallery pattern of adults
0745025 Adult(s) callow adult (left) compared to schlerotized adult (right)
0284006 Infestation infestation-spot
0013079 Damage exit holes
1546252 Stand Picture of Four Notch pre infestation of southern pine beetle attacks.
1247060 Damage Spot, looking up.
0010127 Damage Rapid spot spread in unthinned pine
0949005 Damage late- instar larvae and pupae in outer bark
2108040 Galleries Galleries under the bark in the form of "S", filled with boring dust, characterize attacks by the SPB. Olancho Region, Honduras
1247132 Feature(s) Pitch tubes
1247266 Damage 1974
5425593 Damage
1361007 Galleries
0745057 Adult(s) young adults ready to emerge
1247224 Galleries Oconee National Forest
3225038 Galleries with larvae and bluestain
0014307 Damage ground view of spot
2733006 Infestation infestation showing the different stages of needle fade
2733001 Infestation view of spot
2733002 Galleries egg galleries and larvae
2108016 Control Child debarking tree. Olancho Region, Honduras; January, 2005
1150058 Damage
1546084 Damage Ground photo of four Notch showing dead trees already vacated by southern pine beetles and left standing because of wilderness designation of land.
1546086 Damage Ground photo of Four Notch showing filled and standing dead rtrees killed by southern pine beetle
1546176 Larva(e) Late instar of southern pine beetle in outer bark just prior to popation.
1546019 Adult(s) adult in gallery
0284017 Damage winter-infested trees in which bark has been removed by woodpeckers
2089092 Galleries
2733004 Damage pitch tubes
4178010 Adult(s) on pitch tube
1150054 Damage just across the Georgia-South Carolina line on I-85 near Lake Hartwell State Park
1348016 Infestation Many spots
0745009 Infestation view of spot
1247110 Damage
1348021 Infestation Spot
1150055 Damage just across the Georgia-South Carolina line on I-85 near Lake Hartwell State Park
0284005 Infestation infestation-spot
0745078 Damage pitch tubes & pitchout on loblolly pine
1348017 Infestation Many spots
1348020 Infestation Old and new spots
1247045 Control Salvage operation. West Georgia. August 1992
1247098 Damage Oconee National Forest
1247006 Infestation Spot.  1974.
1247059 Damage  1988.
0013101 Control Aerial view of SPB infestation treated by cut-and-leave in pine plantation, showing two breakouts (re-infestations) following treatment.
0013094 Damage Expanding SPB spot. High priority for detection and ground check (more faders than red-topped pines).
0007064 Damage
0284013 Infestation 250 foot buffer strip, cut to control infestation, August 1983
0355021 Infestation infestation moving from right to left, note yellow faders on left
1247108 Damage
1247093 Damage
1247130 Damage Highway 985, GA. Infesting young trees.
1247201 Infestation Salvage operation
1348023 Infestation Faders
0010128 Control Push and leave control technique. (Variation of cut and leave)
1247175 Control Salvage operation. 1979
1247196 Infestation 1975
1247204 Infestation Northeast Georgia 1975
1150057 Damage
1348029 Infestation Two-pronged spot
1348030 Infestation Spot in suburban setting
1748061 Control Verbenone treatment
2108018 Control Cut and leave treatment. January, 2005
2108024 Management The forests that are most susceptible to bark beetle attack are characterized by a high density.
2108032 Damage tree with large number of pitch tubes.
1348026 Infestation Spots
3226071 Control cut & leave
1348027 Infestation Small spot
2108048 Damage Stage 1 tree.
1247117 Control Salvage operation
2108045 Damage Pitch tubes
2108046 Damage Pitch tubes indicating attacks of adult SPB on the trunk of a pine tree.
2108044 Damage outbreak
2108091 Infestation Turkey Hill Wilderness July 27, 1993
2108092 Infestation Turkey Hill Wilderness August 25, 1993
2108095 Infestation Indian Mounds Wilderness Sept 29, 1993
2108096 Infestation Little Lake Creek Wilderness Oct 7, 1992
2108099 Infestation Indian Mounds Wilderness June 2, 1993
2109004 Infestation Indian Mounds Wilderness August 25, 2005
2109002 Infestation Indian Mounds Wilderness July 26, 1993
2109003 Infestation Indian Mounds Wilderness July 26, 1993
1247099 Damage
1247096 Damage
1247286 Control Salvage logs
1247214 Damage Highway 985, GA. Infesting young trees
1541727 Feature(s) pitch tube
1541732 Pupa(e)
1541567 Damage
2108098 Infestation Indian Mounds Wilderness Feb 8, 1993
2109074 Display or Sign SPB Billboard on I-75 in Florida
0010159 Damage pitch out
2108094 Infestation Indian Mound Wilderness Feb 8, 1993
1247289 Control Salvage logs. 1974
0745069 Research simulated lighting strike using detonating cord done by USAF Bomb Squad
1150053 Damage just across the Georgia-South Carolina line on I-85 near Lake Hartwell State Park
2108100 Infestation Indian Mounds Wilderness June 2, 1993
2109001 Infestation Indian Mounds Wilderness July 26, 1993
2109005 Infestation Indian Mounds Wilderness August 25, 1993
2108097 Infestation Little Lake Creek Wilderness Oct 7, 1992
2108087 Infestation Indian Mounds Wilderness March 6, 1997
2108088 Infestation Indian Mounds Wilderness Snoopy Plantation July 26, 1993
2108086 Infestation Indian Mounds Wilderness Sept 27, 1993
2108084 Infestation Indian Mounds Wilderness August 25, 1993
2108093 Infestation SPB spots controlled cut and leave April 1993
2108089 Infestation Indian Mounds Wilderness Snoopy Plantation August 25, 1993
2108083 Infestation Indian Mound Wilderness July 24, 1992
2108090 Infestation Indian Mounds Wilderness SPB spread to private lands HWY 83. September 1993.
2108085 Infestation Indian Mounds Wilderness August 25, 1993
2108047 Damage spots in Culmi, Honduras 2005
2108028 Damage In expanding infestations, here stages of attack can be distinguished: stage 1 with green foliage, soft pitch tubes in the bark crevices and with the wood surface having a white color (without bark beetle galleries); stage 2 with fading or yellow crown, serpentine galleries under the bark, and the surface of the wood being brown in color; stage 3 with a red or maroon crown (or without foliage) and with small, circular exit holes in the bark. Olancho Region, Honduras
2108043 Damage Pitch tube. Olancho Region, Honduras
2108027 Damage Stage 3 - small, circular exit holes in the bark. Honduras
2108026 Management The forests that are most susceptible to bark beetle attack are characterized by a high density. Olancho Region, Honduras
2108038 Infestation Aerial view of a bark beetle infestation in a pine forest in the Olancho Forest Region, Honduras.
2108041 Galleries Stage 2 - serpentine galleries under the bark, and the surface of the wood being brown in color. Olancho Region, Honduras
2108039 Infestation Infestation. Olancho Region, Honduras
2108033 People Ron Billings with large SPB killed pine log. Olancho Region, Honduras
2108037 Control Once the beetle spot is controlled, felled and standing dead trees trees should be harvested and utilized to reduce economic losses, as seen in this salvage operations in Nicaragua
1150056 Damage
2108017 Control Child debarking tree. Olancho Region, Honduras; January, 2005
1348022 Infestation Faders
2107092 Infestation August 1983 at Four Notch Proposed Wilderness Area, Sam Houston National Forest, Texas
1546164 Damage spot salvage
1348025 Infestation Spot in young pines
1348032 Infestation Spot in young plantation
1348009 Control Aerial view of cut and leave treatment
1546021 Damage Outer bark from infested pine showing southern pine beetle exit holes and chisel marks from woodpecker feeding.
1546166 Galleries Gallery formed in the inner bark of pine by the southern pine beetle
0284029 Damage pine killed by beetle with blues stain fungus, a cross section of log
5289056 Damage natural causes
5289058 Damage natural causes
5289060 Damage Tornado damage can be inciting factors for Southern Pine beetle outbreaks.
5289061 Damage Tornado damage can be inciting factors for Southern Pine beetle outbreaks.
5289059 Damage Tornado damage can be inciting factors for Southern Pine beetle outbreaks.
5289052 Damage Lightning strikes can be inciting factors for Southern Pine beetle outbreaks.
5289053 Damage Lightning strikes can be inciting factors for Southern Pine beetle outbreaks.
5289054 Damage Lightning strikes can be inciting factors for Southern Pine beetle outbreaks.
5289055 Damage Lightning strikes can be inciting factors for Southern Pine beetle outbreaks.
5289051 Damage Lightning strikes can be inciting factors for Southern Pine beetle outbreaks.
5289022 Adult(s)
5424579 Adult(s)
5424578 Adult(s)
5424577 Adult(s)
1150009 Infestation spots showing the effect of ecosystem management 1st place in the 2002 Southern Forest Insect Work Conference Photo Salon in the Foest Insect Damage category.
9009022 Management Chainsaw operator on horseback in Honduras, part odf a cut-and-leave control crew used to treat southern pine beetle infestations 2nd place in the 2003 Southern Forest Insect Work Conference Photo Salon in the Other category.
2108020 Control cut-and-leave worker on horseback with chainsaw 2nd place in the 2003 Southern Forest Insect Work Conference Photo Salon in the Other category.
1546232 Monitoring monitoring southern pine beetle developement
1546194 Infestation aerial view of a southern pine beetle infestation
1546018 Galleries Symptom of southern pine beetle, Dendroctonus frontalis attack:"s" shaped egg galleries produced by female SPB beneath bark of an attacked tree.
1546227 Adult(s)
1546017 Damage view of killed pine trees by southern pine beetles
1543116 Damage
1543114 Damage
1543092 Galleries
1543097 Pupa(e)
0758101 Damage Two active multiple tree spots
0758102 Damage Aerial view of a multiple tree spot.
0758103 Damage Aerial view of fading and dead pines in a large spot.
0758104 Damage Aerial view is a large infestation.
0758105 Damage Aerial view of a large infestation in the Four Notch Wilderness candidate study area.
0758106 Damage Aerial view of a large infestation at Four Notch Wilderness Study Area
1411009 Galleries
1238075 Control Lindane on pitchtubes stopped SPB on pine
5323022 Adult(s) females are distinguished from males by the presence of a transverse, rather broad elevated ridge, called a mycangium, on the anterior pronotum; males lack the mycangium but have a distinct frontal groove, and elevations or tubercles on the head are more distinct; USA. Mississippi, Winston Co, Noxubee N.W. Refuge, 17-24 March 1997, R.A. Tisdale.
5323023 Adult(s) The broad and prominent head has a distinct notch or frontal groove on male beetles. The antennae are seven-segmented, consisting of the basal pedicel, elongated scape, four-segmented funicle, and an enlarged club; USA: Mississippi, Winston Co, Noxubee N.W. Refuge, 17-24 March 1997, R.A. Tisdale.
5323012 Adult(s) Broad, prominent head with a distinct notch or frontal groove on male beetles. The antennae are seven-segmented, consisting of the basal pedicel, elongated scape, four-segmented funicle, and an enlarged club. Males lack mycangium on head but have a distinct frontal groove, and elevations or tubercles are more distinct; USA: Mississippi, Winston Co, Noxubee N.W. Refuge, 17-24 March 1997, R.A. Tisdale.
5323013 Adult(s) Adults are 2 to 4 mm in length, short-legged, cylindrical and brown to black in colour. The prothorax is shiny and slightly narrowed toward the head. Its surface is thinly covered with different-sized punctures and a relatively smooth, distinct dorsal line. The elytra have fine to coarse rubosites between rows of obscure to distinct punctures. The elytral declivity is convex; USA: Mississippi, Winston Co, Noxubee N.W. Refuge, 17-24 March 1997, R.A. Tisdale.
5323014 Adult(s) Broad and prominent head. Transverse, rather broad elevated ridge, called a mycangium, on the anterior pronotum; USA. Mississippi, Winston Co, Noxubee N.W. Refuge, 17-24 March 1997, R.A. Tisdale.
5323015 Adult(s) broad and prominent head has a distinct notch or frontal groove on male beetles; USA: Mississippi, Winston Co, Noxubee N.W. Refuge, 17-24 March 1997, R.A. Tisdale.
5323016 Adult(s) Females are distinguished from males by the presence of a transverse, rather broad elevated ridge, called a mycangium, on the anterior pronotum. Males lack the mycangium but have a distinct frontal groove, and elevations or tubercles on the head are more distinct; USA: Mississippi, Winston Co, Noxubee N.W. Refuge, 17-24 March 1997, R.A. Tisdale.
5323017 Adult(s) The broad and prominent head has a distinct notch or frontal groove on male beetles. Males lack the mycangium on the anterior pronotum but have a distinct frontal groove, and elevations or tubercles on the head are more distinct; USA. Mississippi, Winston Co, Noxubee N.W. Refuge, 17-24 March 1997, R.A. Tisdale.
5323018 Adult(s) The elytra have fine to coarse rubosites between rows of obscure to distinct punctures and the elytral declivity is convex; USA: Mississippi, Winston Co, Noxubee N.W. Refuge, 17-24 March 1997, R.A. Tisdale.
5323019 Adult(s) Adults are 2 to 4 mm in length, short-legged, cylindrical and brown to black in color, the elytra have fine to coarse rubosites between rows of obscure to distinct punctures and the elytral declivity is convex; USA. Mississippi, Winston Co, Noxubee N.W. Refuge, 17-24 March 1997, R.A. Tisdale.
5323020 Adult(s) Adults are 2 to 4 mm in length, short-legged, cylindrical and brown to black in color, the broad and prominent head has a distinct notch or frontal groove on male beetles, the elytra have fine to coarse rubosites between rows of obscure to distinct punctures and the elytral declivity is convex; USA: Mississippi, Winston Co, Noxubee N.W. Refuge, 17-24 March 1997, R.A. Tisdale.
5323021 Adult(s) The elytra have fine to coarse rubosites between rows of obscure to distinct punctures and the elytral declivity is convex; USA: Mississippi, Winston Co, Noxubee N.W. Refuge, 17-24 March 1997, R.A. Tisdale.
1411011 Infestation
1411012 Infestation
1411013 Damage
1411014 Management buffer strip
1411015 Management 16 km buffer strip;
1411016 Management buffer strip
1411017 Infestation
1411018 Infestation stood dead for years due to lack of other borers;
1411023 Damage
1411028 Infestation
1411037 Infestation
1411044 Management buffer strip;
1411045 Management buffer strip;
1411046 Management buffer strip
1411047 Management buffer strip
1411048 Management buffer strip
1411049 Management buffer strip
1411050 Management buffer strip
1411051 Management buffer strip
1411052 Management buffer strip
1411053 Management buffer strip
1411054 Management buffer strip
1411055 Management buffer strip
1411058 Management buffer strip
1411061 Damage
1411067 Survey prepared for ground checking SPB.
1411068 Management buffer strip
1411069 Management buffer strip
1411070 Management buffer strip
1411071 Management buffer strip
1411001 Galleries
1411004 Management SPB attack; cut and leave operation;
1411005 Infestation
1411006 Infestation
1411007 Infestation
1411008 Galleries
5289023 Adult(s)
5289024 Adult(s)
5289025 Adult(s)
5289026 Galleries
5289027 Larva(e) in gallery
5289028 Adult(s)
5289029 Adult(s)
5289030 Adult(s)
5289031 Adult(s)
5289032 Feature(s) pitch tubes
5289033 Pupa(e)
5289034 Pupa(e)
5289035 Adult(s)
5289036 Adult(s) with wings out
5289037 Adult(s) with wings out
5289038 Adult(s)
5289039 Adult(s)
5289043 Larva(e)
5289044 Feature(s) pitch tube formed with adults attacking
5289045 Feature(s) pitch tube formed with adults attacking
5289046 Adult(s) in pupal chamber
5289047 Pupa(e) in pupal chambers
5289048 Feature(s) pitch tube
5289049 Feature(s) pitch tube with attacking adults
0758215 Research Color aerial photo of a large infestation
0758216 Research Vertical color infrared aerial photo with a southern pine beetle infestation
0758217 Research Vertical color infrared aerial photo showing placment of a 50 acre sample plot and stratification of host type for survey designed to estimate losses caused by southern pine beetle
0758219 Research Vertical color infrared aerial photo showing a large southern pine beetle infestation
0758220 Research Vertical color infrared aerial photo of a large southern pine beetle infestation (yellow-green colored crowns at photo center)
0758221 Research Color infrared aerial photo of a large southern pine beetle infestation (yellow-green colored crowns).
0758222 Research Map of the Oak Ridge Atomic Energy Reservation, TN showing placement of aerial photo plots for estimating tree mortality caused by this insect.
0758223 Research Map of the Francis Marion National Forest, SC showing placment of aerial photo sample plots used to estimate level of tree mortality.
0758224 Research Bob Bassett, USDA Forest Service, annotates color infrared aerial photos for assessment of a southern pine beetle outbreak.
0758225 Research Emmett Wilson and Bob Bassett, USDA Forest Service, annotate color infrared aerial photos for assessment of southern pine beetle outbreaks.
1520109 Life Cycle
1520110 Infestation SPB attack on hillside
1520111 Infestation Large SPB spot from the air
1520112 Infestation
1507063 Feature(s) SPB - "Popcorn" resin tubes; next to actual popcorn for comparison
1507064 Infestation SPB active spot;
1507065 Infestation SPB multi-acre spot
1510001 Infestation Southern pine beetle spot - small
1510002 Infestation Southern pine beetle spot - massive
1510003 Infestation Southern pine beetle spot
1510056 Galleries Southern pine beetle egg galleries
1510062 Management Southern pine beetle cut-&-spray crew
1510071 Adult(s) Southern pine beetle
1510090 Management SPB control crew
1510094 Infestation Aerial shot of an SPB spot
1510095 Management Spraying insecticide on cut log's bark (SPB)
1510096 Management Spraying insecticide on cut log - SPB cut-&-spray
1507061 Feature(s) SPB - blue stain associated with attack
1510091 Infestation SPB spot from air
1517010 Damage Southern pine beetle spot fron ground level
1517011 Infestation Southern pine beetle; aerial view
5155022 Adult(s) crenutations at base of elytra
5155026 Galleries
5155027 Adult(s) head and pronotum
5155028 Feature(s) pitch tube
5155029 Feature(s) pitch tubes
5155030 Adult(s) pronotum
5155031 Feature(s) protibia
5155032 Adult(s)
5155033 Adult(s)
5155025 Adult(s)
3225020 Trap(s) Ronald Billings servicing Lindgren funnel trap
3225018 Infestation Aerial detection survey, cover photo of "How to Conduct a Southern Pine Beetle Aerial Detection Survey" by USDA Forest Service
2108019 Control cut and leave crew
2108004 People July 14, 1983, Public hearing at Four Notch Proposed Wilderness Area, Sam Houston National Forest, Texas; Ned Fritz, center, with glasses (Texas Committee on Natural Resources) and George Russell (Lone Star Chapter Sierra Club) seated to his left, protesting US Forest Service plans to control SPB infestations on the Four Notch Proposed Wilderness Area.
2108034 People Ron Billings and Vicente Espino examining pine tree
2108035 People Ron Billings in SPB spot
3225024 Trap(s) flight traps in field
3225025 Trap(s) close-up of Lindgren funnel trap set-up
3225026 Trap(s) close-up of bark beetle flight trap set-up
5005007 Trap(s) Czech forester Vladimir Cizek and SPB trap with new baits
5005008 Trap(s) Czech forester Vladimir Cizek and SPB pheromone trap
5005037 Trap(s) pheromone trap with frontalin & turpentine sleeve
3225042 Distribution Map showing U.S. outbreak occurrence
3225033 Infestation aerial view of spot with direction of movement indicated
3225039 Control cut-and-leave -- ground view
3225040 Control cut-and-leave
3225041 Control spraying tree with backpack sprayer, showing protective gear
3225032 Control aerial view of salvage operation
3225034 Damage aerial view of spot - Texas
3225029 Control cut-and-leave
3225030 Control aerial photo with cut buffer
1458102 Trap(s)
3225035 Adult(s) lateral close-up
2108025 Management The forests that are most susceptible to bark beetle attack are characterized by a high density. Olancho Region, Honduras
2108029 Damage Stage 1 - soft pitch tubes in the bark crevices and with the wood surface having a white color (without bark beetle galleries). Olancho Region, Honduras
2108049 Control Vicente Espino and debarkers. Olancho Region, Honduras
2108050 Galleries Vicente Espino and horizontal SPB galleries. Olancho Region, Honduras
2108051 Management Pines utilized for resin production and burned frequently attract bark beetles and should be eliminated from the stand. Olancho Region, Honduras
2108036 Control Once the beetle spot is controlled, felled and standing dead trees trees should be harvested and utilized to reduce economic losses, as seen in this salvage operations in Olancho Region, Honduras.
2108022 Control Debarkers. Olancho Region, Honduras 2005
2108021 Control Before transporting infested logs from the site, it is recommended that the logs be debarked, to avoid transporting the beetles to other areas. Olancho Region, Honduras 2005
2108010 Infestation Oct 13, 1993 at Four Notch Proposed Wilderness Area, Sam Houston National Forest, Texas
2107089 Infestation April 11, 1983 at Notch Proposed Wilderness Area, Sam Houston National Forest
2107091 Infestation April 1984 Helicopter logging at Four Notch Proposed Wilderness Area, Sam Houston National Forest, Texas
2107093 Infestation August 2, 1983, buffer at Four Notch Proposed Wilderness Area, Sam Houston National Forest, Texas
2107095 Infestation August 2, 1993, Fish eye view of Four Notch Proposed Wilderness Area, Sam Houston National Forest, Texas
2107096 Control Columbia helicopter at Four Notch Proposed Wilderness Area, Sam Houston National Forest, Texas
2107098 Infestation Feb 1984, Helicopter over landing at Four Notch Proposed Wilderness Area, Sam Houston National Forest, Texas
2107099 Control Feb 1984, helicopter salvage, at Four Notch Proposed Wilderness Area, Sam Houston National Forest, Texas
2107100 Control Feb 1984, loggers at Four Notch Proposed Wilderness Area, Sam Houston National Forest, Texas
2108001 Control Feb 1984, Tree felling with jacks at Four Notch Proposed Wilderness Area, Sam Houston National Forest, Texas
2108002 Control Feb 1984, Helicopter logging at Four Notch Proposed Wilderness Area, Sam Houston National Forest, Texas
2108003 Control May 1986, tree crusher, used to prepare SPB devastated area for reforestation. Four Notch Proposed Wilderness Area, Sam Houston National Forest, Texas
2108007 Infestation June 9, 1993 at Four Notch Proposed Wilderness Area, Sam Houston National Forest, Texas
2108008 Control Logging Sep 1983 at Four Notch Proposed Wilderness Area, Sam Houston National Forest, Texas
2108012 Infestation Sept 21, 1983, buffer in plantation at Four Notch Proposed Wilderness Area, Sam Houston National Forest, Texas
2108013 Infestation Sept 21, 1983, buffer at Four Notch Proposed Wilderness Area, Sam Houston National Forest, Texas
2108014 Management Forests weakened frequently by fires are more susceptible to bark beetle attack.
2108015 Control chainsaw on bike used for control. Olancho Region, Honduras; January, 2005
0284030 Research Explosion of denonation cord to simulate lightning strike. Used to predispose live pines to bark beetle attack for research purposes.
0284031 Control insecticide being sprayed on felled log
0284019 Damage close up of a tree showing pitch tubes and adult emergence holes
0284022 Galleries 'S' shaped egg galleries produced by female beneath bark of attacked tree; typical of winter season; note lack of sawyer galleries and blue stain fungus.
0284023 Galleries blue-stain fungus and sawyer galleries interfere with brood development; typical in summer months
0284024 Damage adult beetle and pitch tube
0284026 Pupa(e) outer bark stripped away to show pupae
0284015 Life Cycle life stages and gallery pattern; Painting by Richard Kliefoth, Boyce Thompson Institute
0284008 Control cut and leave control technique; ; Upland Island Wilderness Area
1394085 Damage damage from woodpeckers preying on beetles. Delmarva peninsula
1394086 Damage loblolly pine salvage due to Southern pine beetle damage. Wet logging conditions on Delmarva Peninsula, Pocomoke State Forest
1247278 Infestation Wormsloe plantation, Chatham County, GA. 1974
1247216 Infestation Wormsloe plantation, Chatham County, GA 1974.
1247291 Control Salvage logs. 1973
1247305 Infestation Northeast Georgia. 1973.
1247287 Control Salvage operation. 1979.
1247288 Control Salvage logs. 1974.
1247247 Infestation Northeast Georgia. 1973
1247274 Control Salvage operation. 1974
1247275 Control Salvage operation. 1974
1247276 Control Salvage operation. 1974
1247283 Control Salvaged area. 1974
1247217 Infestation Northeast Georgia. 1973
1247213 Damage Monroe County. 1979
1247001 Infestation Madison County, Georgia. 1973
1247033 Galleries Low density gallery
1247052 Feature(s) Woodpecker beak marks on infested tree
1247053 Feature(s) Woodpecker beak marks on infested tree.
1247043 Infestation Wormsloe, Chatham Coutny, GA. 1974.
1247044 Control Salvage operation. West Georgia. August 1992
1247007 Infestation Monroe County, GA. 1979.
1247013 Control Tree removal. Atlanta, GA. 1972.
1247020 Control Dr. Tom Payne, Monroe County, GA Verbenone flake application. Calibrating equipment on Georgia Forestry Commission helicopter
1247023 Feature(s) Pitch tubes
1247024 Galleries Low density galleries
1247087 Feature(s) Pitch tubes.
1247062 Control Salvage operation. 1973.
1247081 Feature(s) Pupal cells, exit holes, and woodpecker beak marks. With a southern pine sawyer egg-laying pit at top of photo.
1247127 Control Salvage operation. 1988.
1247128 Control Salvage
1247116 Damage Carter's lake, GA. 1988.
1361011 Trap(s) Frontalin attractant
1348008 Control Aerial view of cut and leave treatment
2516003 Adult(s) Side view taken using an Auto-Montage digital microscopy system.© 2002, 2003 by the University of Florida and may be freely used for educational purposes as long as credit is given to the University of Florida and, if space permits, the photographer. Any commercial use requires written permission of the Chairman, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-0620.
0284014 Control Helicopter and log landing, helicopter being used to transport killed trees and a buffer strip and log deck, Part of Four Notch story, January 1984
0284011 Infestation Several uncontrolled infestations from large spot in Four Notch Area showing 3400 acres killed by SPB. February 1984; last of series
0013098 Control Portable sawmill set up on large SPB infestation to salvage dead trees, 1988.
0013100 Control SPB infestation controlled by cut-and-leave.
0013080 Damage Small southern pine beetle infestation. Detection of many SPB infestations in Honduras is conducted from the ground, due to mountainous terrain.
0010165 Competition 8-10 year old plantation killed in 2000 with one year of heavy hardwood understory growth resulting from lack of overstory foliage
0010163 Competition 20-year old plantation killed in 2000 with one year development of the released hardwood understory
0010157 Control aerial shot of the cut-and-leave buffer strip
0010158 Control aerial shot of the cut-and-leave buffer strip
0010156 Damage aerial shot of the outbreak
0010130 Control Cut and leave treatment with insect escape
0010129 Control Aerial view of large cut and leave treatment
0007065 Damage
1669054 Damage pitched out beetle
1450042 Control cut and leave treatment of 17-year old planted stand, stand basal area 120 square feet
1150095 Damage white pitch tube
1150096 Damage fresh pink pitch tube
2089069 Damage Blue stain fungus introduced by attack. Note reduced radial growth as evidenced by narrowing growth rings.
0013102 Control Southern pine beetle infestation being treated with pile-and-burn as means for control in Honduras. 1982. Infested trees are piled in preparation for burning to eliminate beetle broods.
0013081 Equipment Small, high-winged aircraft are used for aerial detection of southern pine beetle infestations and other forest pests. Note survey maps mounted on roller devices for sketch-mpping.
0013082 Survey Aerial sketch map with flight lines. Flight lines are drawn onto 15-minute quadrangle maps for southern pine beetle detection flights. During flights, the location, size, and ground check priority are recorded on the map when new SPB infestations are located.
0013099 Diagram or Graphic Diagram in Spanish describing how to apply cut-and-leave to control SPB infestations.
2089091 Damage Typical pitch tubes on bark
0014309 Control salvage - a recommended method for controlling infestations
0014308 Damage blue stain in sapwood of pine killed by beetle
0014213 Damage boring dust
0014225 Damage boring dust
0014268 Adult(s) callow adult
0284009 Control salvage - a recommended control technique; showing minimal impact of technique,
0364068 Control cut and hand spray
4178057 Adult(s) Female on left, male on right with notch on head.
0745089 Biological Control larva being parasitized by dipterian larva
0284018 Damage spot adjacent to infested logs on loading deck
0590094 Control sanitation cut in urban setting
0590096 Control stump removal in urban setting
1748064 Control sanitation cut in urban setting
0284025 Egg(s) 1.5 mm x 1 mm in size
0745070 Adult(s)
3225023 Trap(s) Bill Upton servicing Lindgren funnel trap used for bark beetle monitoring
3225022 Trap(s) Bill Upton, Texas Forest Service servicing Lindgren funnel trap for bark beetle monitoring
4178009 Damage pitch tube with beetle stuck in pitch. Note boring dust below pitch tube.
4178011 Adult(s) on pitch tube
2733007 Control attacks from SPB and Ips engravers can be prevented in standing trees by applying the insecticide to the entire outer bark surface
4178013 Adult(s) closeup of mycangia on female
4178004 Research resin sampling on southern pine tree
4178005 Research resin sampling on southern pine tree
4178007 Research Resin Sampling on southern pine
4178008 Research pine bolts stacked against pine tree in an attempt to induce infestation
0949009 Damage pitch tubes on loblolly pine
0949001 Damage pitch tubes on Spruce pine
0949003 Damage attacking slash pine
0949004 Galleries egg, niches, larval mines and larvae
0745053 Damage cut log showing blue stain
0745060 Damage adult on pitch tube
0745061 Damage pitch tube and adult
0745072 Adult(s) in flight and dorsal view
0745073 Adult(s) in flight
0745074 Adult(s) in flight, close-up
0745068 Adult(s) with wings expanded in flight
1929019 Adult(s) adults on head of penny
2721065 Adult(s) D. frontalis (left) compared to Ips avulsus (right)
0013025 Adult(s) lateral view
0013061 Adult(s) callow adult
1748062 Damage in urban interface
1748063 Damage pitch tubes
1748066 Damage spot on hillside
1669048 Adult(s) compared to a grain of rice and black turpentine beetle, left to right
1669051 Damage pitch tubes
0590095 Control sanitation cut
0590061 Control cut and fell
0590062 Control note packets of verbonone on trunks adjacent to cut and fell spot
0590092 Damage infestation in urban setting
0364071 Control pile and burn
0355020 Control verbenone treatment
0284010 Infestation infestation-spots
0284020 Damage pitch tubes

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